2008 年 6 月 26 日
Noun が verb て form います (intransitive)
- まど が われています。- The window is broken
- でんき が ついています。- The light is on
As in the examples above, when the speaker describes the state he/she
sees in front of him/her as it is, the subject of the action is indicated
with が. The window was broken in the past and as present it's consequence
remains (it is broken). Verbs which are used with this expression are intransitive
verbs (used without a direct object; the verbs used with a direct object
are transitive verbs), and most of them indicate an immediate act or action.
Note that when describing the past, verb て form plus いました is used.
Verbて form + しまいました
- Verb て form + しまいました is an expression which emphasises that an action
or event has been completed.
- 田中さん が くれた ワイン は ぜんぶ のんで いまいました。- We drank all the wine that Mr.
Tanaka gave.
- This expression conveys the speaker's embarrassment or regret in
a difficult situation. Though the fact of losing one's passport can be expressed
with なくしました, the sentence below adds the speaker's feeling of regret or embarrassment
about the fact.
- パスポート を なくして しまいました。- I lost my passport
Vocabulary:
- ふく - cloth or clothes
- さら - dish/plate
- 木 (き) - tree
- ふくろ - bag
- えだ - branch
- ちゃわん - bowl
- かみ - paper/hair
- ビル - building
- こわれる - to break...e.g. chair
- われる - to break/smash...e.g. glass
- おれる - to break/snap...e.g. tree
- やぶれる - to break/tear...e.g. paper
- つきます - to arrive