2007 年 11 月 08 日
Verb た form + ことがあります。。。
- マーク さん は 日本 に いった ことが あります。
This sentence pattern is used to describe what Marc has experienced in
the past. The content of one's own experience is expressed by the
nominalised phrase verb た form plus こと.
Note that it is therefore, different from a sentence which merely
states the fact that one did something at a certain time in the past.
This is more about having the experience of having done something.
- きょねん スイス で スキー を しました。
- Last year I did skiing in Switzerland.
Verb た form...
The た form is made by changing て and で of the て form into た and だ.
Verb たり + verb たり + verb ます/ました...
- マーク さん は きのう テニス を したり えいが を みたり しました。
- Yesterday, Marc played tennis, watched a film and so on.
The sentence here is used in referring to some actions amoung many
actions. The tense of this sentence pattern is shown at the last verb.
Watch that you don't confuse the meaning of this sentence pattern with
that of the て form sentence already learned.
- マーク さん は きのう テニス を して えいが を みました。
- Yesterday, Marc played tennis and then watched a film.
In this sentence, it is clear that seeing a film took place after
playing tennis. In the previous one, there is no time relation between
the two activities. These activities are mentioned as example
activities amoung the activities done yesterday to imply that Marc did
other activities besides them. It is not natural that actions usually
done by everybody every day such as getting up in the morning, having
meals, going to bed at night etc are mentioned.